Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Public Policy free essay sample

It restricted the creation and utilization of mixed refreshments. The administration felt that to lessen the liquor utilization they would dispose of any organizations that made, appropriated or sold liquor (Grahm, 2012) . Preclusion end up being a disappointment from the beginning. The laws relating to disallowance were tricky to such an extent that it in this way included an excessive number of the issues that it planned to fathom. Coming up next is an outline of the moderation developments prompting the eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution and the advantages and disservices of Prohibition. Moderation developments were indispensable keys to the sanction of the eighteenth amendment. Balance from the outset implied keeping away from refined mixers, however later would be the finished shirking of liquor. Moderation developments began in 1840 with the strict sections, 1869 with the Prohibition Party, 1874 with the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and 1893 with the Anti-Social Saloon League (Wikipedia, 2012). These developments were the essential supporters that passed the eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution. We will compose a custom paper test on Open Policy or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All together for a change to be passed the House of Representatives and the Senate must confirm by seventy five percent vote. On January 29, 1919, with votes of 255 to 166 (Wikipedia, 2012), the Secretary of State declared that on January sixteenth thirty-six states had endorsed the change and accordingly it had become a piece of the Constitution. This precluded the state to sell, bargain, make, transport, import, send out, convey, outfit or have any inebriating alcohols. There were exclusions for clinical needs and close to lager was permitted as long as it contained a limit of 5% liquor (Grahm, 2012). Ultimatley, Prohibition fizzled in light of the fact that it attempted to take out the flexibly of liquor without decreasing the interest for liquor. The monetary law of gracefully and request discloses to us that this will bring about a cost increment and huge motivators to overstep the law. Works Cited Grahm, C. (2012). The United States Prohibition of Alcohol 1920-1933. Recovered April 18, 2012, from

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Classical Design Elements In Architecture Essay Example For Students

Old style Design Elements In Architecture Essay From the beginning of time, Classical goals of the old Greeks and Romans have been pervasive in all features of craftsmanship. In engineering this is particularly evident. A couple of the Classical goals utilized in engineering are colonnaded porticoes, domed focuses and balanced designs.Architects, for example, Andrea di Pietro, Christopher Wren and Thomas Jefferson utilized these Classical plan components in their individual works. These exceptionally respected people were modelers of the Mannerist, Baroque and Neo-Classical Ages individually. They each pre-owned Classical plan components in their design to depict a feeling of effortlessness and amicability in their work, just as to reflect Classical standards of request and scientific extent. We will compose a custom paper on Classical Design Elements In Architecture explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Andrea di Pietro, a modeler of the Mannerist Age, utilized the components of Classical structure in his attempts to accomplish straightforwardness and agreement. The transcendent modeler of the Mannerist style was Andrea di Pietro, known as Palladio(Matthews And Platt 340). The work that Palladio is generally equal with is the Villa Capra, otherwise called the Villa Rotunda. The Villa Rotunda, in light of the Classical plan of a Roman farmhouse, was worked for an affluent Venetian (Matthews and Platt 340,341). The Villa features Classical standards of engineering in various manners. Palladio utilized the utilization of colonnaded porticoes in the Villa, a secured yard bolstered by sections, which is ordinarily situated at the front of the structure. The Villa Rotunda has four of these colonnaded porticoes. The porticoes give a smooth change between the passageway of the structure and the encompassing grounds. Notwithstanding the porticoes, Palladio utilized the domed focus on the Vil la, for style, yet in addition to make a main issue in the building.The balanced plan of the Villa is obvious from this essential issue. The evenness of the Villa mirrors the Classical goals of request, just as numerical extent. These components of Classical plan were utilized with incredible achievement in Palladios time and were likewise utilized by modelers in later periods, for example, the Baroque Age. Christopher Wren, a planner of the Baroque Age, additionally utilized Classical structure components in his fills in as an impression of Classical standards. Wren is credited with the structure of various structures in England, however is most popular for the places of worship he was dispatched to plan and revamp after the Great Fire of London in 1666 (Matthews and Platt 394). His magnum opus is St. Pauls Cathedral in London (Matthews and Platt 394), which, right up 'til the present time, is one of Londons most eminent temples. St. Pauls colonnaded porch is a prime case of the Classical components utilized by Wren. The colonnaded patio of St Pauls Cathedral is overcomed by another colonnaded porch, making various perfect, requested lines that add to the balance and numerical extent of the congregation. Wren additionally utilized the arch on the basilica as a showcase of Classical structure components. The vault makes a main issue of center for style and evenness. The balance of St. P auls Cathedral is like the balance of Palladios Villa Rotunda, and is additionally like plans found in American Neo-Classical structures. The Neo-Classical Period confirm Classical plan components that can be found in structures of the previous British provinces in the United States. The Neo-Classical Period, equivalent with the Federal Period in the United States, was the point at which the plans and thoughts of planners, for example, Thomas Jefferson turned out to be generally utilized. Jefferson, verifiably worshipped as a legislator and government official, was likewise a splendid modeler and urban organizer (Unknown 1). Jeffersons Virginia home Monticello, which means little mountain in Italian (Unknown 1), epitomizes his utilization of Classical structure components. The colonnaded patio of Monticello permitted a smooth progress between the home and the tranquil setting of the encompassing grounds in a similar way that Palladio utilized this component of structure on the Villa Rotunda. Truth be told, the Villa Rotunda filled in as Jeffersons model for Monticello during its plan and development. Besides, the domed focus is utilized to make an essential issue of evenness, like Christopher Wrens utilization of the arch on St. Pauls Cathedral. The even structure of Monticello strengthens Jeffersons reverence for the precise and oversimplified standards of the Roman republic (Matthews and Platt 460). The plan components of Monticello utilized by Jefferson made a clearly straightforward structure in congruity with its environmental factors, similarly as Palladio and Wren. .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .postImageUrl , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:hover , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:visited , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:active { border:0!important; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:active , .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uda076944e1d c88f4741dd6bf633cfa07 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uda076944e1dc88f4741dd6bf633cfa07:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Loose Tight Dimensions Of Hrm Commerce EssayEach of these engineers made noteworthy commitments to engineering, and their works remain generally perceived in the cutting edge period. Palladio, Christopher Wren and Thomas Jefferson are considered by numerous individuals to be the most compelling engineers of their separate occasions. Components of Classical structure, for example, colonnaded porticoes, domed focuses and balanced plans have been utilized since the beginning, are still generally utilized today. These components reflect Classical beliefs, are as yet used to depict a feeling of straightforwardness and amicability, just as to mirror the Classical standards of request and scientific extent. Bibliography:Works CitedMatthews, Roy T. also, F. Dewitt Platt. The Western Humanities fourth Ed. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield, 2001Unknown. Design side of Thomas Jefferson. USA Today Magazine December 1993: 122. Scholarly Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 24 March 2001.

Sunday, July 26, 2020

Owl Books Perfect For Every Kind Of Reader, Children Through Adults.

Owl Books Perfect For Every Kind Of Reader, Children Through Adults. Owls are, objectively, the most bookish animal. Theyre wide-eyed, curious, and have a keen sense of concentration. Not to mention that owls are just adorable creatures who, when need be, turn on their predatory instincts. What better way to honor these raptors than with some great owl books? Included on this list are childrens books, books published for middle grade or young adult audiences, as well as adult owl books. These are fiction and nonfiction. Ive also included a comics series. Despite distinctions, anyone of any age can easily enjoy any of the titles below. One thing that seems to be lacking among owl books are those written by authors of color. There are a few, particularly when it comes to childrens titles, but given that academics and naturalists are fields heavy with white practitioners and writers, thats whats represented in the literature. Descriptions are from Amazon, as my own reading is far more limited on owl books than Id prefer. Childrens Owl Books The Barn Owls by Tony Johnston Tony Johnstons THE BARN OWLS recalls in quiet tones the memory of a barn that has stood alone in a wheat field for one hundred years at least. The owls have nested there and have hunted in the fields and circled in the night skies as time slowly slipped by. Every night, as the moon rises, a barn owl awakens and flies out to hunt. Feathered against the endless starry night, he swoops and sails to the darkened wheat field below and catches a mouse in his nimble talons. With outstretched wings, this barn owl returns to his barn nest and his hungry family, repeating the ageless ritual his ancestors have practiced here, in this barn, for at least one hundred years. Following the life cycle of the barn owl, this gentle poem evokes a sense of warm sunshine and envelopes readers with the memory of the scent of a wheat field. A Book of Sleep  by Il Sung Na With a spare, soothing text and beautifully rich and textured illustrations of a starry night, this is the perfect “book of sleep.” Join the owl on his moonlit journey as he watches all the other animals settle in for the night: some sleep standing up, while some sleep on the move! Some sleep peacefully alone, while others sleep all together, huddled close. Il Sung Na makes his American debut with this gorgeous bedtime offering. While each animal rests in its own special way, little ones will also drift off to a cozy sleep. Good Night Owl by Greg Pizzoli Owl is ready for bed. But as soon as he settles in, he hears a strange noise. Hell never get to sleep unless he can figure out whats going on! Hooray for Today by  Brian Won When the moon is up, Owl is wide awake and ready for fun: “Hooray for today! Would you like to play?” But everyone says, “Not now! I’m sleepy!” Owl’s playday gets lonely fast as each friend turns her awayâ€"until sunrise, when Owl discovers a friendly surprise. Perfect for little ones learning the art of patience,  Hooray for Today!  celebrates playtime, sharing, and friendship. Im Not Cute by Jonathan Allen Welcome back, Baby Owl! With visions of himself as a “huge, scary, sleek, sharp-eyed hunting machine,” the adorable little creature goes out for a walk in the woods. But every animal he meets thinks hes so cute, fluffy, and huggable! Poor Baby Owl. Im not cute! he shouts. Then Mom comes alongâ€"and she agrees, before coming up with the perfect solution. Its a real hoot that every kid will relate to. Little Owls Night by Divya Srinivasa Sridhar (series) Its evening in the forest and Little Owl wakes up from his day-long sleep to watch his friends enjoying the night. Hedgehog sniffs for mushrooms, Skunk nibbles at berries, Frog croaks, and Cricket sings. A full moon rises and Little Owl cant understand why anyone would want to miss it. Could the daytime be nearly as wonderful? Mama Owl begins to describe it to him, but as the sun comes up, Little Owl falls fast asleep. Putting a twist on the bedtime book,  Little Owls Night  is sure to comfort any child with a curiosity about the night. Molly The Owl: The True Story of a Common Barn Owl That Ends Up Being Not So Common After all by Eric Blehm When a barn owl and her mate suddenly decide to nest in a suburban neighborhood, the amazing tale of Molly and McGee begins. The owls home, a wooden box with a camera inside, put up by a nature-loving couple in their backyard, becomes the setting for a real-life story of love, danger and mysteryâ€"and, ultimately, the triumph of a family. Through the little camera peeking in on their home, Molly and McGee would captivate millions of people from forty-five countries around the world who shared their saga on the Internet. New York times bestselling author Blehm and award-winning illustrator Christopher Adams bring you this wonderful story sure to inform the minds and warm the hearts of young and old alike. Owl Babies by  Martin Waddell  and  Patrick Benson I want my mommy! Three baby owls awake one night to find their mother gone, and they can’t help but wonder where she is. What is she doing? When will she be back? What scary things move all around them? Stunning illustrations from striking perspectives capture the anxious little owls as they worry. Not surprisingly, joyous flapping and dancing and bouncing greet the mother’s return, lending a celebratory tone to the ending of this comforting tale. Never has the plight of young ones who miss their mother been so simply told or so beautifully rendered. Owl Eyes by Frieda Gates Raweno, Master of all Spirits and Everything-Maker, made the world and everything in it, but nothing gave him quite so much trouble as Owl! This retelling of a traditional Kanienke-haka (Mohawk) creation legend will have readers of all ages laughing at the irrepressible but indecisive bird. Note: author is  Kanienkehaka (Mohawk).   Owl Moon by Jane Yolen Late one winter night a little girl and her father go owling. The trees stand still as statues and the world is silent as a dream. Whoo-whoo-whoo, the father calls to the mysterious nighttime bird. But there is no answer. Wordlessly the two companions walk along, for when you go owling you dont need words. You dont need anything but hope. Sometimes there isnt an owl, but sometimes there is. Distinguished author Jane Yolen has created a gentle, poetic story that lovingly depicts the special companionship of a young child and her father as well as humankinds close relationship to the natural world. Wonderfully complemented by John Schoenherrs soft, exquisite watercolor illustrations, this is a verbal and visual treasure, perfect for reading around and sharing at bedtime. Owl Sees Owl by Laura Godwin With just three or four words per page, this story follows a baby owl one night as he leaves the safety of his nest (Home/Mama/Brother/Sister) and explores the starry world around him (Soar/Glide/Swoop/Swoosh). Inspired by reverso poetry, the words reverse in the middle when the baby owl is startled upon seeing his reflection in the pond (Owl/Sees/Owl). Afraid of it, little owl takes off toward home, soaring over farms and forests (Swoosh/Swoop/Glide/Soar) until he is finally safely home again (Sister/Brother/Mama/Home). Owls by Gail Gibbons Gail Gibbons explores the mysterious world and workings of owls in her latest nonfiction picture book. She depicts numerous species of owls and discusses their biological similarities as well as their differences. She portrays their ideal habitats, life styles, birth and development and environmental hazards that are threatening certain species. As usual, her comprehensive text is accompanied by clearly labeled illustrations and diagrams. Definitions are also included for additional clarity. White Owl, Barn owl by Nicola Davies A young girl and her grandfather look for a barn owl night after night. Will a distinctive heart-shaped face appear at the window? Michael Foreman’s lush, intimate paintings are a perfect companion to Nicola Davies’s lyrical text featuring intriguing facts about a rare bird indeed. Back matter includes further information about nest boxes and an index. Middle Grade and Young Adult Owl Books Avenging The Owl  by Melissa Hart Solo Hahn had always gotten good grades, had good friends, and gotten along with his parents. He wrote screenplays for fun. But when his parents uproot him and move the family from California to backwoods Oregon, Solo starts to lose track of the person he was. The only thing keeping him grounded is the small gray-and-white kitten he brought with him from home, until one night she gets outside and an owl hunts her for its dinner. When Solo tries to avenge the death of his kitten, he gets eight months of community service. Eight weeks of working at the local raptor center helping owlsâ€"the same creatures that killed his kitten in the first place. For the first time in his life, Solo is labeled a troubled kid, an at-risk youth. Stuck with a bad reputation and weeks of work with Sergeant Bird-Nerd, Solo has to find a way to survive the summer. The Capture by Kathryn Lasky After Soren, a young owlet, is pushed from his familys nest by his older brother, hes plucked from the forest floor by agents from a mysterious school, the St. Aegolius Academy for Orphaned Owls. When Soren arrives at St. Aggies, he suspects there is more to the school than meets the eye. He and his new friend, the clever and scrappy Gylfie, find out that St. Aggies is actually a training camp where the schools leader can groom young owls to help achieve her goalâ€"to rule the entire owl kingdom. Hoot by Carl Hiaasen Everybody loves Mother Paula’s pancakes. Everybody, that is, except the colony of cute but endangered owls that live on the building site of the new restaurant. Can the awkward new kid and his feral friend prank the pancake people out of town? Or is the owls’ fate cemented in pancake batter? The Owl Keeper  by Christine Brodien-Jones Maxwell Unger has always loved the night. He used to do brave things like go tramping through the forest with his Gran after dark. He loved the stories she told him about the world before the Destructionâ€"about nature, and books, and the silver owls. His favorite story, though, was about the Owl Keeper. Maxs Gran is gone now, and so are her stories of how the world used to be. The forest is dangerous, the books Gran had saved have been destroyed, the silver owls are extinct, and Max is no longer brave. But when a mysterious girl comes to town, he might just have to start being brave again. The time of the Owl Keeper, Gran would say, is coming soon. Owly by Andy Runton (series) Owly is a kind, yet lonely, little owl whos always on the lookout for new friends and adventure. The first graphic novel in the series contains two enchanting novellas, The Way Home The Bittersweet Summer, wherein Owly discovers the meaning of friendship, and that saying goodbye doesnt always mean forever. Adult Owl Books Adopted By An Owl by  Robbyn Smith van Frankenhuyzen For twenty years we have rehabilitated a wide variety of wild critters, from fawns, foxes, skunks, and crows to opossums, raccoons, rabbits, and owls. Some of the animals were injured adults, others were orphaned babies, but all of them were in need of a little help to get them back into the wild. Growing up on a farm, as well as my training as an animal technician, prepared me for many of the medical situations that arose. Gijsbert took every opportunity to sketch, paint, and photograph our temporary guests during their stay on the farm. More importantly, Gijsbert was issued all the Federal and State permits needed to care for birds of prey. Without these permits, we would never have been able to care for hawks and owls. For good reason, caring for these birds is very tightly regulated and closely monitored. Taking an owl from its nest is dangerous and illegal. We have cared for many Great Horned Owls but none of them were like Jackson, the owl in this story. His personality was uni que from the very beginning and we know that we were lucky to have shared such a close bond with this wild bird. This is the true story of his life with us. Enjoy. The Enigma of an Owl  by Mike Unwin Perhaps no other creature has so compelling a gaze as the owl. Its unblinking stare mesmerizes; its nocturnal lifestyle suggests secrets and mystery. This lavishly illustrated book celebrates owls from every corner of the world and offers abundant details on fifty-three of the most striking and interesting species, from the tiny Elf Owl of southwestern American deserts to the formidable Blakiston’s Fish Owl, the largest of all owls. Mike Unwin has long studied and admired these remarkable birds from cold northern forests to tropical rivers and beyond. He explains how owls evolved into the supreme feathered predators of the night, and he examines their breeding and hunting behaviors, unusual calls, and the cultural myths and superstitions that surround different species. More than two hundred dramatic color photographs in the wild, taken or selected by David Tipling, capture the wondrous beauty of each owl and the drama of life in its own home region. Flyaway: How A Wild Bird Rehabber Sought Adventure and Found Her Wings by Suzie Gilbert Suzie Gilbert discovered her true calling when she began working at a local animal hospital. Eventually, she started bringing abused and unwanted parrots home, and volunteering at a local raptor rehabilitation center. From there it was a short flight to her ultimate commitment: Flyaway, Inc., the nonprofit wild bird rehabilitation center she ran out of her own home. With heart and delightful wit, Gilbert chronicles daily life in her household-cum-bird-hospital, and recounts the resulting chaos as she, her husband, and their two young children struggled to live in a home where parrots shrieked Motown songs and recuperating herons took over the spare bathroom.  Flyaway  is a remarkable story of compassion for and dedication to beautiful creaturesâ€"and the importance of pursuing even the most unlikely of dreams. The Hidden Lives of Owls by Leigh Calvez In this  New York Times  bestseller that will appeal to readers of  H is for Hawk, a naturalist probes the forest to comprehend the secret lives of owls. Join Leigh Calvez on adventures into the world of owls: owl-watching, avian science, and the deep forestâ€"often in the dead of night. These birds are a bit mysterious, and that’s part of what makes them so fascinating. Calvez makes the science entertaining and accessible while exploring the questions about the human-animal connection, owl obsession, habitat, owl calls, social behavior, and mythology. The House of Owls by  Tony Angell For a quarter century, Tony Angell and his family shared the remarkable experience of closely observing pairs of western screech owls that occupied a nesting box outside their forest home. The journals the author recorded his observations in, and the captivating drawings he created, form the heart of this compelling bookâ€"a personal account of an artist-naturalist’s life with owls. Angell’s extensive illustrations show owls engaged in what owls doâ€"hunting, courting, raising families, and exercising their inquisitive naturesâ€"and reveal his immeasurable respect for their secret lives and daunting challenges. Angell discusses the unique characteristics that distinguish owls from other bird species and provides a fascinating overview of the impact owls have had on human culture and thought. He also offers detailed scientific descriptions of the nineteen species of owls found in North America, as well as their close relatives elsewhere. Always emphasizing the interaction of humans and owls, the author affirms by his own example the power of these birds both to beguile and to inspire. Owl by  Desmond Morris From ancient Babylon and the Greek goddess Athena to Edward Lear’s  The Owl and the Pussycat; from Harry Potter’s Hedwig and the grandiloquent, absent-minded Wol from  Winnie the Pooh  to David Lynch’s  Twin Peaks, owls are woven into the fabric of human culture. Beautiful, silent, pitiless predators of the night, these enigmatic beings dwell throughout the world yet barely make their presence known. For people, owls are contradictory beasts, at times depicted as dignified, wise old scholars and at other times as foreboding voyeurs who see allâ€"omens both good and evil, in turn. In this fascinating book, best-selling author and broadcaster Desmond Morris explores the natural and cultural history of one of nature’s most popular winged creatures. Excluding Antarctica, owls are found on every land mass across the globe, and they range in size from well under a foot tall (the tiny least pygmy owl) to more than two feet (the orange-eyed Eurasian eagle owl). As a result of their wide distribution, owls also occur in the folktales, myths, and legends of many native peoples around the world. Morris spreads his wings wide to explore these stories alongside owl evolution, owl species, and the many examples of owls in art, film, literature, and popular culture. Despite the fact that many of us have never seen an owl or even heard its accusatory “Who? Who?,” Morris’s enticing read makes clear this creature’s looming presence in our lives. Featuring more than one hundred telling illustrations from nature and culture,  Owl  will enthrall the many devotees of this surreal bird. The Owl Who Liked Sitting on Caesar by Martin Windrow Martin Windrow was a war historian with little experience with pets when he adopted an owl the size of a corncob. Adorable but with knife-sharp talons, Mumble became Windrows closest, if at times unpredictable, companion, first in a South London flat and later in the more owl-friendly Sussex countryside. In  The Owl Who Liked Sitting on Caesar, Windrow recalls with wry humor their finer moments as well as the reactions of incredulous neighbors, the awkwardness of buying Mumble unskinned rabbit at Harrods Food Hall, and the grievous sense of loss when Mumble nearly escapes. As Windrow writes: Mumble was so much a part of my life in those days that the oddity of our relationship seldom occurred to me, and I only thought about it when faced with other peoples astonishment. When new acquaintances learned that they were talking to a book editor who shared a seventh-floor flat in a South London tower block with a Tawny Owl, some tended to edge away, rather thoughtfully…I tried to answer patiently, but I found it hard to come up with a short reply to the direct question Yes, but…why?; my best answer was simply Why not?' Windrow offers a poignant and unforgettable reminiscence of his charmed years with his improbable pet, as well as an unexpected education in the paleontology, zoology, and sociology of owls. Owls: A Guide To Every Species In The World by Marianne Taylor Humans have long been fascinated by owls. From prehistoric cave paintings to popular modern children’s stories, these magnificent predators have been seen as harbingers of good fortune and impending disaster, as icons of fear and wisdom, and as the powerful sidekicks of magic-makers, including the beloved Harry Potter. Scientists have faced tremendous challenges trying to document the lives of these solitary, nocturnal, and highly elusive creatures. New species are still being discovered, as are new insights into the habits of even the most familiar varieties. Visually spectacular and authoritative,  Owls  includes full descriptions and maps of key viewing locations for all 225 owl species in the world, and is illustrated with drawings and stunning full-color images from some of the leading wildlife photographers from around the world which capture these birds’ breathtaking beauty and power. The book also features a special section on the art of hidingâ€"a highly honed skill set of the owl. Throughout, Marianne Taylor provides a wealth of detail on each type of bird’s hunting and breeding behavior, habitat, and conservation. Owls: Our Most Charming Bird by Matt Sewell The owl is one of nature’s most captivating creatures. In this enchanting guide, artist Matt Sewell brings to life fifty species from around the world. From the adorable Eurasian Pygmy Owl, small enough to fit in your pocket, to the Great Gray Owl, celebrated for its size and eleganceâ€"these charming illustrations are sure to delight anyone intrigued by these wise and wonderful animals. Owls and Other Fantasies by Mary Oliver Within these pages Mary Oliver collects twenty-six of her poems about the birds that have been such an important part of her life-hawks, hummingbirds, and herons; kingfishers, catbirds, and crows; swans, swallows, and, of course, the snowy owl; among a dozen others-including ten poems original to this volume. She adds two beautifully crafted essays, Owls, selected for the Best American Essays series, and Bird, one that will surely take its place among the classics of the genre. Owls of the World: A Photographic Guide by  Heimo Mikkola Owls of the World, second edition, is the ultimate photographic resource dedicated to the identification of these charismatic birds of prey. The new edition is packed with spectacular photography of 268 species of owls from all over the worldâ€"19 more species than the original book. Many of the photos are of highly elusive species that are very rarely caught on camera. The photos are accompanied by detailed text describing: Identification notes Habitat Population status Voice Food Distribution Accurate range maps Similar species The photographic coverage includes plumages and subspecies which promotes differentiation between species, making this the definitive work on owl identification. Similar-looking (confusion) species are included and owls are shown as adults from a perspective that clearly shows markings that assist in identification. For birders, naturalists, photographers, researchers and any fan of these birds,  Owls of the World  is the definitive work on species identification as well as a comprehensive encyclopedia for reference and reading. Wesley The Owl by Stacy OBrien On Valentine’s Day 1985, biologist Stacey O’Brien adopted Wesley, a baby barn owl with an injured wing who could not have survived in the wild. Over the next nineteen years, O’Brien studied Wesley’s strange habits with both a tender heart and a scientist’s eyeâ€"and provided a mice-only diet that required her to buy the rodents in bulk (28,000 over the owl’s lifetime). She watched him turn from a helpless fluff ball into an avid com ­municator with whom she developed a language all their own. Eventually he became a gorgeous, gold-and-white macho adult with a heart-shaped face who preened in the mir ­ror and objected to visits by any other males to “his” house. O’Brien also brings us inside Caltech’s prestigious research community, a kind of scientific Hogwarts where resident owls sometimes flew freely from office to office and eccentric, brilliant scientists were extraordinarily committed to studying and helping animals; all of them were changed by the animals the y loved. As O’Brien gets close to Wesley, she makes astonishing discoveries about owl behavior, intelligence, and communication, coining the term “The Way of the Owl” to describe his noble behavior. When O’Brien develops her own life-threatening ill ­ness, the biologist who saved the life of a helpless baby bird is herself rescued from death by the insistent love and courage of this wild animal. Wesley the Owl  is being adapted for television.   Love owl books? You might be interested in more books about wildlife, including books about birds, books about chickens, and, of course, these 100 must-read books about nature.     Sign up to The Kids Are All Right to receive news and recommendations from the world of kid lit and middle grade books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Friday, May 22, 2020

A P by John Updike - Paper - 1236 Words

As people age, maturity and wisdom is gained through every experiences. From the time a child turns eighteen and becomes an adult, they are required to deal with the realities of the real world and learn how to handle its responsibilities. In John Updikes short story, Aamp;P, the narrator Sammy, a young boy of nineteen, makes a major change to his life fueled by nothing more than his immaturity and desire to do what he wants and because of that, he has do deal with the consequences. From the beginning of the story, it is clear that Sammy does not likes his job, nor is he fond of the customers and people he is surrounded by each day. To Sammy, they are nothing more than sheep going through the motions of life. I bet you could set†¦show more content†¦They stand out amongst the customers, walking against the usual traffic(Updike 616), and not blending in, and Sammy almost idolizes that; he sees the way their simplistic yet unique appearance and actions distinguish them and he seems to really appreciate it. About the Queenie he says, I mean, it was more than pretty(Updike 619). And in reference to the other customers reaction Sammy says, †¦ there was no doubt, this jiggled them. A few houseslaves in pin curlers even looked around after pushing their carts past to make sure what they had seen was correct (Updike 616). Although Sammy isnt really voicing a positive or negative stance on the issue here, he makes an effort to point out how unique and almost distracting they are to everyone in the store. It also becomes clear that Sammy wants to know more about them through his fixation with them, which may add to the reason he wanted to quit; he hoped to captivate their attention and gain their praise. When Sammy sees the store manager, Lengel, embarrass the girls, not only does Sammy see the ability to look heroic in front of his three mystery girls, like an unsuspected hero (Updike 618), he also sees the ability to get out of his boring nine to five job . Partially, because he is only nineteen and very immature in the way he views the world, he may have thought the girls would find him heroic. However, as soon as he quits his jobShow MoreRelatedA P By John Updike982 Words   |  4 PagesThe story that this research paper is being written over is â€Å"AP† by John Updike. This story is filled with good grammar and has a well written plot and good transition. A person reading the story â€Å"AP† could see it as an interesting story filled with good symbolism. The main character, Sammy, uses a great deal of symbolism when describing the three girls in bathing suits who walked into the store he works in. the three girls in bathing suits that walked into the store where the center of the wholeRead MoreThe Connections Between Updike And His Story, A P1027 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Updike was a very unique writer. This man mastered many things. He lived a very interesting life what I enjoyed learning about. Updikeâ€℠¢s life includes much success. He took learning to a new level, and he did what he loved and did a wonderful job, earning many awards. While researching, it also came clear to me some of the connections between Updike and his story, AP. His life from beginning to end is a very remarkable life. Updike was born in Reading, Pennsylvania in 1923. Since he was bornRead MoreSocial Conformity And Sexism : A Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1586 Words   |  7 Pagesstories that explored these social issues were a Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and another story that explored these debated topics was AP written by John Updike. A Yellow Wall Paper was a story published on January of 1892 and this story gives us an insight of how gender roles operated during the early parts of the 20th century, and AP was published in 1961, this story gives an early insight of the new social upheavals that the rebellious youth will cause against the norms of societyRead More Love and Disillusionment in Araby and A and P Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesLove and Disillusionment in â€Å"Araby by James Joyce and â€Å"A and P by John Updike â€Å"Araby by James Joyce and â€Å"A and P by John Updike are both short stories in which the central characters are in love with women who don’t even know it. The Araby story started sad and ended sadder, however, the â€Å"A and P† story started happy and ended with a heroic act that went unnoticed. The main characters both experience new situations and truths of which they were not previously aware. Both stories willRead MoreA P By John Updike And The Things They Carried By Tim OBrien976 Words   |  4 PagesThe two short stories used in this comparison are â€Å" AP† by John Updike and â€Å"The things they carried† by Tim O’Brien. Both stories deal with the feel of impotence, loss, shock and both characters fantasizes with a girl during the time of the Vietnam War. I will show some similarities and contrasts in the settle and how it affects the plot But. Also, the characters of each story. Both are similar in the motivation of the character towards on girl and the differs in how the settle affects the plotRead MoreObedience or Rebellion? Essay925 Words   |  4 Pages American author, Shirley Jackson, is known for her fictional mystery and horror works. Her most famous piece is a short story, â€Å"The Lottery.† In this story a small village holds a lottery and one unfortunate individual ends up with a slip of paper with a black spot on it. This person is then stoned to death. In reality, the lottery is a horrible ritual believed to be necessary sacrifice for the village to have a bountiful crop that year. When a man mentions how some surrounding villages haveRead MoreA P By John Updike1532 Words   |  7 PagesPaper 1: AP by John Updike In this essay I will be reviewing the six elements of fiction: point of view, plot, setting, characterization, symbolism, and theme in the story, AP by John Updike, to see how it constitutes to the work as a whole. Sammy, a 19-year-old cashier at the AP, narrates AP. In this first-person narrative, the narrator tells us everything as he sees it, but since it is a limited point of view the narrator is unreliable. But this allows the reader to notice growth in the characterRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Susan Glaspell, And A P Essay2143 Words   |  9 PagesWallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, and â€Å"AP† by John Updike; they all illuminates on the submissiveness, the obedience of women to a man s authority that was considered unexceptional at the onset of the twentieth century because the themes of the inscrutability of women, domesticity, patriarchal dominance and female identity are present in all these works. Among the three works under scrutiny in the paper herein, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is arguably the one that best illustratesRead MoreCoffee Consumption By Jessica Mcclarney1189 Words   |  5 Pagesincurred in taking a product from the producer to final consumption. Apart from the cost of the product, there are other costs accompanied in taking the product for final consumption and this can be none other than the distribution expenses (Updike, 2011). This paper therefore tends to discuss this concept by describing the path a product takes to reach the final consumer in two different countries. The Product: Coffee Almost everyone drinks coffee. Most people view it as part of their basic needs. ItRead MoreAn Analysis of Dogs Death by John Updike and I Used to Live Here Once by Jean Rhys2768 Words   |  11 Pagessuperstitious behavior of humans extends to death as if it were an unnatural event instead of a completely natural milestone albeit, the final one in a life. Doubtless, there are times when people could be more sensitive to the harbingers of death, as John Updike intimates in his poem Dogs Death. Fiction, fantasy, and film are chock-a-block full of images representing death. Even the beloved The Christmas Carole tells the story of a present in which Marley is dead and spirits escort Scrooge to a season

Friday, May 8, 2020

Martin Luther And The Reformation - 1803 Words

Thesis Statement The purpose of my paper will reflect the life of Martin Luther during the Reformation period and the changes brought forth as a result of his teachings and writings. Luther’s findings not only transformed his own actions, but change the thought process of millions. The study of Martin Luther is the key that unlocks the background of the Protestant Reformation and it’s origins. Introduction Research on Martin Luther was chosen to demonstrate the importance of his works, and decisions that not only fueled his purpose, but changed the church for generations to come. Martin Luther propelled himself into his work and was not afraid of voicing his often strong opinion of the Catholic Church. Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses provides readers his opinion of the church, calling out failures, and known corruption of leaders within. Foundation â€Å"Martin Luther was born on November 10th, 1483 in Eisleben, Germany. He was the son of Hans and Margareth Luder. His father worked in a copper mine, and through years of hard work they became fruitful.† Through his own personal struggles Hans Luder did not want the same life for beloved Martin. Education and faith played a huge role during Luther’s adolescent years as he learned Latin and law and continue to excel in these areas well into his adulthood. This development would continue to shape Luther’s beliefs and principles. In the early 1500s, Luther was able to continue his studies near Erfurt. At the young age of eighteenShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther and the Reformation2927 Words   |  12 PagesMartin Luther and the Reformation A German Augustinian friar, Martin Luther launched the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century. Luther grew up the son of a miner, but he did not maintain that lifestyle for himself. He lived in a period that had a widespread desire for reformation of the Christian church and a yearning for salvation. Martin Luther was born at Eisleben in Saxony. Since his father was a miner, it was a great distress on him to send Martin to school and then to the UniversityRead MoreThe Doctrines Of Martin Luther, Reformation And The Reformation740 Words   |  3 PagesLuther was ordained in 1508. In 1512, he became a lecturer at the university of Wittenberg. Significantly, Luther’s devotion to theology would lead him to explore the problems plaguing the Catholic Church. During his inquisitive years, Luther began to question the doctrines of the Catholic Church. Luther’s view of salvation, penance and righteousness began to change from the view he was instructed to believe in. Additionally, Luther’s extensive study led him to form his own ideas and formulate aRead MoreMartin Luther And The Reformation Of The Protestant Reformation Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther became one of the most influential figures in Christian history. He began the protestant reformatio n in the 16th century. He also called into question some of the basic tenets of Roman Catholicism and eventually his followers soon split from the Roman Catholic Church to become protestant. He was known to be a very controversial man not just for his writing of the ninety five thesis but for others and in his later years his feeling about the Jews. His teaching of the bible is what leadRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1349 Words   |  6 Pagesto fix by amendment is Martin Luther. In the early 15th century, the Catholic Church was under siege from criticism based off of corruptions and Catholic wrongdoings; this time in history was known as the Protestant Reformation. The main catalyst in this revolution was none other than Martin Luther. Although Martin Luther sparked rebellion and a revolution, he , himself, was a reactionary reformer in how he wanted to restore the church into what it once was. Martin Luther, according to his ideasRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1608 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst step of the Protestant Reformation was carried out by a monk called Martin Luther to adjust the unfairness of the Catholic Church. He believed that the Christian faith was a simple religion, misrepresented on account of inadequate papal authority. Like the Roman Empire the Church had broadened its territorial domain and bureaucratic function. The moral authority of the church was corrupted because of its tainted clerical practices. In his Ninety-Five Theses, Martin mainly targeted the doctrineRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1326 Words   |  6 PagesThus the Religious Reformation period was the most important time because new religions were formed and the RCC had all the power. Indeed supporters of the Reformation Religions believe that this time had the biggest impact because during this time new religions were created and millions changed faith. In his text â€Å"Martin Luther† the author argues that â€Å"Martin Luther as a Christian theologist and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation†. Martin Luther was the spark forRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1879 Words   |  8 PagesMartin Luther was not only one of the most significant figures in the Protestant Reformation, but he also developed his own denomination of followers. While many say that Luther was breaking away from the Catholic Church to establish a rival church, yet Luther challenged the authority of the church quietly. His arguments did not focus the attention on himself, but wholly on God. Martin Luther is considered the initiator of the Protestant Reformation as he realized the corruption in the Catholic ChurchRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation Essay2089 Words   |  9 Pages1517, as the initial rise of early reform movements. It was the day Martin Luther had encrypted his floating thoughts of early reformation onto paper, with the help of the printing press. Many others before Martin had speculation of somewhat of a reform, but didn’t have the courage to go up against the authoritative Church. Martin and his actions had officially sparked the revolution, and the start of European Reformation. But Martins actions would end up transforming the world indefinitely. SuccessorsRead MoreThe Art Of Reformation By Martin Luther985 Words   |  4 PagesAnalytical Paper: The Art of Reformation The year 1517 is claimed by Christianity to be the original spark of a reformation that changed the face of the most prevalent religion in the western world, beginning in Germany and soon enveloping the known world in an upheaval of beliefs and values. However, due to the fact that Protestant faiths became their own religious, social and political powers, the correct term for this movement would not be ‘reformation’ but in fact ‘revolution’. The so-calledRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1541 Words   |  7 PagesSochor Professor Eric Breault Religion 374 21 April 2017 Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther was a German professor of Theology during the 13th and 14th century who was a key figure of the Protestant Reformation. In this paper, I will discuss the impact of Martin Luther’s actions from a standpoint of the Catholic Church and its reaction to Martin Luther’s work. To discuss this, I will use some of the works of Martin Luther himself along with sources from authors Paul A. Bishop

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Integratron and Giant Rock, Mojave Desert, California Free Essays

If you stand directly under the hole in the center of the room and say something the sound reverberates through your head and body and sounds like peaking to a large outdoor or indoor audience with lots of echoes and large speakers. Very strange no doubt. If you whisper from one side of the room, people on the opposite side can hear you clearly, which Is why I got strange looks when I said my watch was running backwards from the electrical effects. We will write a custom essay sample on Integratron and Giant Rock, Mojave Desert, California or any similar topic only for you Order Now There was a presentation that covered some of the history of the builder and the bulging. When they got to the part about aliens I sort of lost interest. Everyone was Invited to take a blanket and lay out on the floor for meditation and a sound massage session with sounds provided by vibrations from crystal bowls and goblets. Remember how you can run your finger around the rim of a crystal goblet and get a nice humming sound? Well here in the Integration it really is magnified and enhanced creating a peaceful and relaxing interlude while laying on the blankets. I however sat in a plastic chair. Several fell asleep based on snoring sounds. Founded in 1954 by aeronautical engineer and biologist George Van Tassel, the Integration offers something called a â€Å"sound bath†, and though we were not quite sure what a â€Å"sound bath† would entail, we were pleasantly surprised to find that while the energy vortex may not have been subjugating our poor abused livers, the experience was Indeed quite relaxing. For 30 minutes, our host â€Å"Torn† played varying tones on a set of quartz crystal slaying bowls as we meditated, listened to each other breathe, cough, and In some cases, nap. As It turns out, Van Tassel was not your run-of-the-mill OF;chasing desert eccentric. An aeronautical engineer and test pilot who worked for both Lockheed and alongside Howard Hughes at Hughes Aviation, he moved to the Mojave Desert in 1947 to operate an airport and inn. It was there that he claimed to be contacted elliptically by the Venusians, who were entrusting to him the secrets of cell rejuvenation. Acting on these instructions, Van Tassel began building the Integration, a 38 Ft. High dome inspired by Moses’ Tabernacle and the writings of Tests. While not the rejuvenation center and time machine that Van Tassel had intended, it Is does serve as the only all-wood, acoustically perfect sound chamber in the U. S. According to Van Tassel, the site of the Integration Is actually a magnetic vortex, an Intersection of geometric forces that would amplify energy required for human cell rejuvenation ND healing. All that was needed to harness this great gift to the human race was a parabolic dome was designed to focus that energy, much like it focuses sound, toward the center with it’s spherical shape. Not meeting the standards of life-saving rejuvenation chamber Just yet, the Integration still serves a purpose as a meditation spot, event location, and unusual desert stop to feel closer to our Venusians friends in the stars. Outside of the dome itself there is a dry garden with a clump of hammocks serving as â€Å"Hammock Village†, and tons of interesting folk art and alien-themed knick- knacks such as the â€Å"Alien Clings to Rock† piece you see here. To enjoy our sound bath, we found a blanket or yoga mat and claimed a spot in the circle, feet facing out. Our host described how the sound chamber works, and demonstrated how if we heard someone breathing or coughing as if they were right next to our ear, it was actually the person directly across from us on the other side of the dome. After a unusually long and stern warning regarding snoring during the bath, we closed our eyes as our host played the singing bowls. Bending the sound in ways that made it feel like it was owing in and out of our heads in waves, the intense sound was both soothing and unsettling. There was surprisingly a lot of snoring, and the earlier warning no longer seemed frivolous. After 30 minutes of hypnotic sound, we felt refreshed and ready to take on the rest of our desert adventure. Recently honored with a dedication and historical monument by the Ancient and Honorable Order of E Clamp’s Vitas, Billy Holcomb Chapter, the Integration today receives many visitors drawn to experience the Integration’s enhanced energy fields. An overnight stay at the Integration is said o result in waves of peace, heightened awareness, and relaxation of the mind and body. How to cite Integratron and Giant Rock, Mojave Desert, California, Papers

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

Resume for Office Purpose free essay sample

Personal Information * Preferred Name: Arrived * Date of Birth: 24/11/1992 * Gender: Male Educational Qualification: * Plus two * Currently studying B. Com(Accounting) in Charles Darwin university. Other Relevant Courses * International English Language Test Score : 7. 5 * Microsoft office Career Objectives: To obtain a role within a field that can offer me, not only a challenging position but one with opportunities for growth and professional development. I am for excellence in my field of practice and hope to achieve fulfillment via promotions in my future endeavors. Other Work Experiences: * Worked as salesman in a supermarket (more) in Hydrated * Worked in the catering division of the paying caterers in Hydrated * Worked as an accountant UN Certified accountants and co. In Delhi * Worked as a salesman in G. V. K one mall in Hydrated Volunteer Work: * Worked for help the unprivileged in Hydrated. * Worked for Make A Difference (MAD) in Hydrated. * I was a DOSS member and actively participated in all the activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Resume for Office Purpose or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Learn More About Bilateral Symmetry

Learn More About Bilateral Symmetry Bilateral symmetry is the arrangement of an organisms body parts into left and right halves on either side of a central axis, or plane. Essentially, if you draw a line from the head to the tail of an organism or a plane both sides are mirror images. In that case, the organism exhibits bilateral symmetry. Bilateral symmetry is also known as plane symmetry as one plane divides an organism into mirrored halves. The term bilateral has roots in Latin with bis  (two) and  latus  (side). The word symmetry is derived from the Greek words  syn  (together) and  metron  (meter). Most animals on the planet exhibit bilateral symmetry. This includes human beings, as our bodies can be cut down the middle and have mirrored sides. In the marine biology field, many students will study this when they begin learning about classifying marine life. Bilateral vs. Radial Symmetry Bilateral symmetry differs from radial symmetry. In that case, the radially symmetric organisms are similar to a pie shape, where each piece is nearly identical though they do not have left or right sides; instead, they have a top and bottom surface. Organisms that exhibit radial symmetry include aquatic cnidarians, including corals. It also includes jellyfish and sea anemones. Dchinoderms  are another group that includes sand dollars, sea urchins, and starfish; meaning they have a five-point radial symmetry.   Traits of Bilaterally Symmetrical Organisms Organisms that are bilaterally symmetrical demonstrate a head and a tail (anterior and posterior) regions, a top and a bottom (dorsal and ventral), as well as left and right sides. Most of these animals have a complex brain in their heads, which are part of their nervous systems. Typically, they move more quickly than animals that do not demonstrate bilateral symmetry. They also tend to have improved eyesight and hearing capabilities compared to those that have radial symmetry. Mostly all marine organisms,  including all vertebrates  and some invertebrates are bilaterally symmetrical. This includes marine mammals such as dolphins and whales, fish, lobsters, and sea turtles. Interestingly, some animals have one type of body symmetry when they are first life forms, but they develop differently as they grow.   There is one marine animal that does not display symmetry at all: Sponges. These organisms are multicellular but are the only classification of animals that are asymmetrical. They do not show any symmetry at all. That means there is no place in their bodies where you could drive a plane into cut them in half and see mirrored images.

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Marketing Basics The 101 Guide to Everything You Need to Know

Marketing Basics The 101 Guide to Everything You Need to Know Marketing is complex. It encompasses tons of different disciplines, strategies, and tactics. As a result, developing a basic understanding of how it works can be difficult. Learning the trade can take years of dedication and honing your craft, oftentimes in a handful of specific areas (such as strategy, copywriting, or analytics). Like a lot of things, though, future success starts with solid fundamentals. And if you’re looking to learn, you’ve come to the right place. This post will cover everything you need to get started on your marketing journey. Think of it like the ultimate 101 guide, packed full of actionable advice you won’t learn in the classroom. It’s also laid out to be easy to understand, turning complicated concepts into easily digestible chunks of information. Bookmark this page, then get down to learning. Marketing Basics: The 101 Guide to Everything You Need to Know by @Ben_via @Download Your Free Marketing Resources Bundle Since this is such an enormous topic, it’s tough to cover everything within a reasonable amount of space. That’s where these additional resources come in. Grab this bundle and you’ll get: Marketing Strategy Guide (PDF): Get an in-depth education on strategy. Marketing Calendar Template: Your all-in-one project planning and scheduling tool. Beating Makeshift Marketing: When it’s time to build your marketing tool stack, see what makes the best option for getting organized. Get all three for free (it only takes a few moments), then continue with the rest of this post.What is Marketing? In simplest terms, marketing is the act of driving profitable customer action. It spans the full scope of strategies and tactics organizations use to position products and services in the marketplace, and motivate target audiences to make a purchase. Recommended Reading: How to Document the Marketing Process in Six Steps Understanding the Marketing Mix and the 4 P’s of Marketing For all its complexity, at its core, marketing revolves around four things: product, price, promotion, and place. Tactics and channels change, but these are the concepts everything else revolves around, and they’re principles that never change. Some models expand these basic principles to 7 P's, or another variation. But, for your purposes, these four should be sufficient for developing an understanding of how marketing works. Product This is what a company sells, whether that means a physical good, or a service (such as consulting, a subscription, or something else). From a marketing perspective, the following would need to be determined: How many different product variations or lines should be sold?  For example, a car manufacturer might strategize on which vehicle categories to build (such as family cars, SUVs, crossovers, or pickup trucks). How should they be packaged or presented?  To make another example, if a company made replacement car floor mats, should they come in a box? A bag? Something else? How will it be serviced? This could include warranties, handling returns, and so forth. Marketers might even have some involvement in determining how products are designed and which features they might include (here at , for instance, marketers and product developers communicate closely). Marketing works best when marketing teams communicate with product teams.Price This is just â€Å"how much stuff costs,† right? Well, sure. But there’s more to it than that. Price means more than just what stuff costs.If marketing is all about driving profitable action, then prices need to be set at a level the market will support. Here are some marketing considerations with prices: What is the market rate per unit of a product? This requires some market analysis and competitive research to determine what’s a fair price for a product, given its cost to produce, and what people are willing to pay. How should discounts be timed and applied? Should the product be put on sale at certain times of year? Does it make sense to give customers options for payments?  A car dealership might offer financing options, rather than expecting people to pay the full price up front. Promotion If a product launches but no one cares, does it even exist? Well, yeah, technically it does, but it’s just taking up space if no one’s buying it. Once a product is out there, it needs to be promoted so people know it exists. Which channels will be used to promote the product? This includes online and offline channels. Where will it be promoted? Online? Offline? In stores? At events? What message needs to be communicated?  What copy and verbiage will tell audiences what the product is all about, and encourage them to buy it? Place The right product needs to be in the right place for people to find it and buy it. Where is the product distributed? Online? Offline? Will specific locations get the product?  For example, if you sell cold weather clothing, you might not distribute as much to Florida and you might in Minnesota. 10 Key Areas of Modern Marketing to Understand Spend a little bit of time researching marketing online and you’ll find references to all different areas of marketing. Here are some that are most likely to be relevant to your work. Content Marketing The hype around content has been building steadily for years, and with good reason: people want to be helped and informed more than they want to be sold to and interrupted. The main idea behind content marketing is creating content that helps inform your audience and solve their problems. This achieves a few important goals: Building an audience. Establishing authority. Driving sales. The â€Å"content† part of content marketing spans a lot of different things. Primarily, this means blogging and website content, but it can also include email, social media, video, ebooks, or any other type of digital content used for marketing. It can also include print collateral, like brochures or magazines. Recommended Reading: How to Build a Content Marketing Strategy You'll Actually Use (Free Template) How to Make Content Strategy More Effective With User Psychology The Best Annual Content Calendar Template to Get Organized All Year Email Marketing When it comes to driving conversions, it’s tough to beat the return on investment of email marketing. Different studies cite different figures, but it’s generally accepted that it drives around 3,800% to 4,200% ROI (meaning that for every dollar spent, it produces $38 to $42 in revenue). Recommended Reading: 40 Actionable Email Marketing Tips That Will Boost Results The 9 Free Email Marketing Templates You Need to Execute Everything The Best Way to Organize an Effective Email Marketing Strategy Social Media Marketing Organic reach on popular social networks is declining on popular platforms like Twitter and Facebook, but social media marketing is far from dead. It’s effective for building brand awareness, developing community, and getting your content and products in front of new people. Recommended Reading: The Best Way to Plan a Social Media Strategy in 5 Steps (Free Template) 50 Social Media Best Practices Every Business Should Follow What 23 Studies Say About the Best Time to Post on Social Media How to Organize a Year of Posts With an Annual Social Media Calendar Online Video Marketing Did you know that over 400 hours of video gets uploaded to YouTube  every minute? That’s incredible. So is the fact that it’s the world’s second largest search engine  (second only to Google, which owns YouTube, and even bigger than Bing and Yahoo combined). It’s not the only video platform out there for marketers to know about, either. Wistia is practically the industry-standard for hosting embeddable web video, and Vimeo is a fantastic place for creatives. Plus, social video on Facebook (and to some extent, Twitter as well) is also becoming increasingly important. Recommended Reading: How to Do Facebook Video Marketing the Right Way How to Write a Video Script That Will Make $100,000,000 (Free Kit) How to Make a Video Marketing Strategy That Will Engage Your Audience Advertising and Pay-Per-Click Have you ever seen those ads at the top of search results? Those are pay-per-click (PPC) ads. PPC advertising offers marketers excellent opportunity to sell products directly to searchers. It’s also great because it makes it possible to see exactly how much you’re spending vs. how much revenue your advertising efforts are generating. Recommended Reading: How to Manage Your PPC Campaigns in Adwords How to Make the Most of Facebook Advertising to Reach New Audiences Search Engine Optimization Few, if any, tactics or channels drive more traffic on average than search engine optimization. Few digital marketing tactics drive more traffic than search engine optimization.It’s the process of structuring content and executing other tasks that help improve your site’s search engine rankings, pulling in an audience that’s interested in the topics your site covers, and the products your company sells. Recommended Reading: The Most Massive SEO Copywriting Guide That Will Make Your Traffic Soar SEO Content Strategy: How to Skyrocket Your Traffic By 594% Your Ultimate Content Marketer’s Guide to Keyword Research Public Relations Even in an era packed with new and flashy channels and tactics, good old-fashioned relationship-building remains essential for effective marketing. PR is all about managing perceptions and relationships, ensuring people think positively about your brand. Recommended Reading: How to Build a Modern PR Plan That Works With Your Marketing How to Write the Best Press Releases With 21 Examples and 7 Templates How to Monetize Your Content Marketing With Gini Dietrich From Spin Sucks Influencer Marketing Why talk up your products yourself when you can have trusted folks promote them for you? Why talk up your products yourself when you can have trusted folks promote them for you?That’s the crux of influencer marketing, which involves working with popular people within a given niche or industry to put your products in front of their audiences. Recommended Reading: Instagram Influencer Marketing: How to Get It Right in 6 Steps How to Boost Engagement With Micro-Influencers the Right Way How to Use Instagram Stories the Best Way for Successful Social Media Campaigns Developing a Marketing Strategy Marketing can be boiled down to the following: Who are you trying to reach? What do you want them to do? How will you encourage them to take that action? How will you measure marketing’s impact on influencing that action? This framework is simple to understand and yet difficult to master in actual execution. Success starts with sound strategy, though, and getting it right is essential. Take a look at some important stats that illustrate its importance: So, why is strategy important? Think of marketing like taking a trip. Sure, you could just hop in the car, and take off with no sense of direction. But, you’ll probably just waste time, burn gas, and never end up anywhere meaningful. If you had a map and an itinerary though, you would have been prepared to make the most of your time, and actually accomplish something. That’s what strategy gets you. A sense of direction, so you can use your time effectively, understand why you’re doing your work, and increase the odds of achieving your goals. Recommended Reading: How to Create a Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Getting to Know Your Audience First things first, companies exist to serve customers. Simple enough, right? Well, figuring out exactly who those customers are, and what problems they need solved, is easier said than done. Recommended Reading: How to Find Your Target Audience and Create the Best Content That Connects Figuring Out What You Want Them to Do Once you’ve determined who you need to reach, the next step is figuring out what’s required to move them toward a sale. For some companies, this is simple: convincing customers to grab a product and buy it at the store. But, there may be actions you drive them toward before reaching that step (such as getting onto a mailing list or becoming a social media follower). For others (for example, service-based companies), you might want to get leads (potential customers) to place a phone call for a demo or a consultation before they commit to purchasing. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Call to Action in Six Steps With a Template Understanding the Marketing Funnel When determining actions you want your audience to take, it’s useful to understand how the marketing funnel works. Funnels help illustrate where customers are at in the buying process, from being unaware of a product (or having a problem), to researching different options, down to making an actual purchase. Here’s a simple illustration: While there are different ways to illustrate funnels, they typically map out customer buying stages to the following phases: Top of Funnel (TOFU): The customer is unaware of a product or company. Middle of the Funnel (MOFU): The customer is actively researching products. Bottom of the Funnel (BOFU): The customer is ready to buy. Recommended Reading: How to Map Content to the Marketing Funnel and Boost Conversions By 69.77% Determining Your Tactics Part of an effective strategy is narrowing which tactics you’ll implement to achieve your goals. When you’re just starting out, this can seem daunting. There are always more thing you can do, than what you actually have time to do well. So, where do you start? According to a survey of 1,500+ marketers, here were their most popular content types: Notice that blogging, social media, and email marketing round up the top three. For most companies doing content marketing, those are the three most obvious places to start. But, determining which tactics may work best for you may be another story. Maybe you’re doing marketing, but not content marketing specifically. Maybe you’re in an industry or role where marketing means doing things like securing partnerships, hosting events, or doing â€Å"traditional† marketing (like producing print collateral). Consider following this process: Know your audience. Who are you trying to reach? Figure out where those people hang out. Where can you reach those people? Think on which tactics and channels could reach those people, in those places. Which marketing activities could be used to reach the right people, in the right places, at the right time? That’s an open-ended question, but whatever the answer may be, that’s where you should start. Recommended Reading: How to Determine Your Marketing Tactics Nailing the Execution Once the strategy is in place, it’s time to put it into action. Once marketing strategy is in place, it’s time to put it into action.This requires: Having the right skills. Once you know what to do, you need to know how to do it. Having the right staff. Putting the right people in the right place is key to success. Having the right tools. A professional always uses the best available solution to tackle a given task or problem. What Are Some Common Marketing Skills? The skills a marketer needs depend on their role. Some basics that apply to lots of different types of roles include: Verbal communication. Marketing is all about communication. Being able to express your ideas clearly is key. Writing. You’ll be doing a lot of writing, whether creating content, or emails to stakeholders. Research. The more granular, often the better. Analytics. Understanding how to spot trends in data is essential. Recommended Reading: The 48 Most Essential Marketing Skills You Need to Be Successful in 2018 How Are Marketing Departments Usually Structured? The way teams are built depends on the company’s size, industry, budget, and a lot of other factors. Some companies have teams of one, while others might span multiple marketing teams across multiple departments or business units. Recommended Reading: How to Structure Modern Marketing Departments for Success How Are Marketing Tool Stacks Typically Built? The tools those teams use to execute their work might vary depending on tactics and personnel. Some common tools practitioners use include: Project management tools: Needed to keep teams organized and projects on track. Social media scheduling tools: Because manually scheduling posts at scale is nearly impossible. Editorial and marketing calendars: Used to set deadlines and map publish dates. Email marketing platforms: Important for managing email lists and delivering newsletters. Marketing management platforms: Tools like , which consolidate several of the tool categories listed above, while integrating with other popular tools. Analytics tools: Used to measure performance. SEO tools: To monitor keyword rankings, do competitive research, track incoming backlinks, conduct keyword research, and more. Marketing automation tools: Used to automate processes, such as email flows. CRM (Customer Relationship Management) software: Powerful platforms used to store customer data and maintain relationships with consumers. Recommended Reading: The 110 Best Marketing Tools to Consider When Building Your Toolstack Understanding Measurement and Analytics If you can’t measure the impact of your marketing activities, then you may as well not be doing anything at all. Every action should always be connected to specific metrics, in service of achieving a specific goal. Recommended Reading: Email Marketing Metrics: How to Measure and Report on the Most Important Metrics Everything You Need to Know About Instagram Analytics to Smash Your Goals Social Media Analytics Tools: How to Choose the Best One For You Analytics From : Make Smarter Decisions Additional Learning Resources One of the best things about marketing is you’re never done learning. And in effort to support your learning, (and a lot of other great companies) are committed to helping you develop your knowledge and skills. Academy: Find exclusive educational content and level up your skills. Blog: Enjoy this post? You’ll find tons more here (plus fresh content each week). Actionable Marketing Podcast: Features new interviews each week with leading marketing experts. The 10X Marketing Formula: Comprehensive book from co-founder and CEO Garrett Moon. Make learning marketing easy with this guide + tons of extra resourcesThat’s a Wrap There’s a lot of information to process in this post. But, now that you’ve covered most of what you’ll need to know as a marketing practitioner (both on the surface level, and with links to deeper reads on tons of sub-topics), you’re now better prepared than ever to continue your marketing education and level up your career. Is there anything we missed? Let us know below.

Sunday, February 16, 2020

Second rich generation in china Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Second rich generation in china - Essay Example This means that they are mainly reliant on their families, which are filthy rich. Through this character, a serious economic challenge comes up, and the economic future of the country stands to be threatened if these people are consumers and are not working to expand their parents businesses. Although, some people saying â€Å"SRG† are only a very small group of people, they cannot make any huge influence. Considering the behavior they have now and the wealth they will control in the future, I am still thinking they will make a huge negative impact to Chinese society and economy in the near future. The building of an economy required the input of all the citizens in a country. Since 1980s there were a group of hardworking people, they used their intelligence and knowledge to help China finished industrialization. Their hardworking not only made them become the first group of billionaires in China but also helped the country grown to be one of the giant economies in the world. However, most of their children are not diligent as their parents, they have decided to sit back and eat what their parents made. Compare to business, they are seem to be more interested in the sports cars and private jets. This is a very dangerous scenario given that there is no income that is generated from this generation. I interviewed a SRG recently, although he indicated that he wants to have his own career and pay for his own life in the future. He still admitted that it is not easy to do and most of the SRG now are not thinking like him. According to Liu (2012) Songyang Fu’s father was the owner of a still factory near Beijing. A car accident took away his father’s life in 2006 and Fu was only nineteen. Fu inherited his father’s legacy and became the thirtieth richest person in China on the Forbes’s rank. However Fu was not interested in his father’s steel business at all. He decided to use his father’s money to realize his own

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Promoting Family Involvement and Providing Program Management Assignment

Promoting Family Involvement and Providing Program Management - Assignment Example They can talk about what works and what does not work. Teachers working collaboratively will make preschool an enjoyable teaching and learning experience for both the children and the teachers. They are more organized and better prepared for parents, visitors, and other people who may enter the school. They are also better prepared for any emergencies that may arise. Teachers work as social workers when they deal with various ethical dilemmas. Some of the ethical problems teachers need to work through are as follows: 1. Teachers must know and be able to keep confidentiality. The provider must keep what the parents tell them in confidence. They must be trusted to listen and to help, and not to tell others. This could be a problem when dealing with possible child abuse. 2. What are your beliefs for the child and the adult. This means do you always agree with how each of you will handle different problems that arise. 3. Showing respect is one way to get reasonable behavior from people, adults and children and this is a way to make them feel they are capable of reason, of thought. 4. Listening and paying attention and showing how they decide what to report if danger could be around the corner. 5. They have to know that there are limits to being helpful. 6. Teachers have to learn about different views, values and beliefs to make a child’s life richer. 7. They also must know how much information to give pertaining to the child and the family to be able to care for them. The three of them that could pertain to children are to make sure that they listen and pay attention to what goes on around them and you. They also need to learn about showing respect for the people around them. The three that pertains to teachers could be the ones dealing with the information and knowing how much to tell when problems arise with the child or the family. Teachers need to know how to gain the confidence of the parents and must have the ability to keep

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Sex Differences In The Brain Psychology Essay

Sex Differences In The Brain Psychology Essay There has been ongoing debate and research on the differences between the male and female brain by endless amounts of researches. According to a few researches (Leonard et al., 2009), not much has been researched to show a sex difference in terms of behavioural. While many or some still believe that women and men think and act the same, there are actually some differences in each others brains that show otherwise. According to one Geary (1998), the development of sex differences are through sexual selection which relates to sex hormones and also sex differences in the brain. The main debate on this particular topic would be that both gender are equal in terms of thought , skills and life strengths. There also have been arguments giving theories that women and somewhat better than men in certain skills while men are better in certain skills than women. Some may question the importance of undergoing research on this debate but it is of utter most importance to discover the strength and weakness of both genders in order to achieve a better living environment. It can be seen in both male and female that there are differences between the brains through their behaviour, personality traits and life skills and their much stronger abilities. In terms of abilities, it can be seen in their visuospatial, verbal and quantitative abilities. This is shown through ones individual behaviour. For males, an example would be in terms of their visuospatial abilities which include object rotation (Nisbett et al., 2012). In other words, it is where they are able to imagine how an object would appear when rotated (Quinn Liben, 2012). Example would be in a particular subject requiring imagining object rotation in Video Games. Men are more likely to be able to create a game faster compared to women because of this particular ability and that may be the reason why men are usually the hunters. For there is a need of visuospatial abilities in hunting, which might explain this phenomena. As for women, they are more likely to score higher in verbal abilities such a s speech fluency and memory abilities (Nisbett et al., 2012). This may be the reason why women have a higher tendency to be giving speeches in any form without compromise. Although we may say that there are no differences, it is already shown through some research that differences among men and women can be seen. Besides that, there is another individual difference between both men and women which would be in terms of intelligence of different fields. The structure and organization of both male and female brains are similar but through deeper inspection, it can be seen that some parts of the brain between the male and female are differ from one another (Giedd, Castellanos, Rajapakse, Vaituzis, Rapoport, 1997). Another individual difference which can be seen would be aggression. Men tend to be more aggressive than women in terms of how they show it. It shows that men tend to be direct with their aggression. But as for women, they tend to show their aggression indirectly. A good example would be through gossips, straight forward remarks and many more. This shows that their aggression would be through words rather than physical harm. Before this there were arguments on why the treatment between men and women are different where men were treated much better than women in terms of given opportuni ties. This would lead to the idea of stereotyping between men and women. Although it shows that there are differences, the action of splitting both gender into their own groups might lead them to stereotyping and it wouldnt be healthy for both genders. In some way, through these research, it can be said explained that there is a difference between both genders but to some extent. These research act as guidelines in terms of assigning work or tasks depending on their strongest ability and knowing their limitations might help increase the chances of a better performance in a group, team or taskforce. There are also debates going around about effects of cultural differences upon the sex differences of the brain. In the opinion of Baron-Cohen (2005) culture and socialization has a part in affecting the male and female brain in terms of strengthening a certain area, for example their systematic side for the guys and emphatic side for the girls. But there are a few studies on infancy which strongly suggests that biological factors play an important role in developing a persons brain. According to Neisser et al. (1996), the influence on behaviour of postnatal and prenatal hormones are there, which also includes influence on cognition and personality and character of a male and female. It is said that sex hormones has an effect on human cognition in life, which might explain the why older women have better fluency in their verbal abilities (Wolf Kirschbaum, 2002, as cited in Nisbett et al., 2012). This is because a higher estrogen levels effect the verbal abilities of a person. As for males, if one were to be born with IHH (Idiopathic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism), they would most likely have small testes which would explain why they would be doing badly in the more spatial parts when it comes to systemizing a task compared to normal males. Besides that, a male with AI (Androgen Insensitivity) Syndrome, they would also be doing worse in systemizing compared a normal male. Through the few research stated above, it can be seen that hormones play a big role in developing both female and male brains. There is an assumption or conclusion where there are absolutely no sex differences in the brain between both male and female (Jensen, 1998 as cited in Nisbett et al., 2012). There are some researches who supported this conclusion by conducting a 42 mental ability test (Johnson Bouchard, 2007, as cited in Nisbett et al., 2012). It is said that there are no differences between the sexes yet a contradicting statement says however, several test showed a difference between male and female (Nisbett et al., 2012). This may be caused by certain limitations faced by the experimenter during the time of research for different periods of time use different method. Some better than the other due to the increasing development in research method as time passes. Besides that, there are research that says that there are sex differences in behaviour. And a research supports that saying there was very little evidence to support the fact that there are sex differences in behaviour (Chiarello et al., 2 009). Little can be said about the behaviour as one could easily be influenced by the environment that they have been raised in. But in the way of thought and certain skill set, it can be seen there is a difference in the brain between both male and female. There are new theories that have been brought to light at this time period. One of them would be the empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory. This theory states that the female brain tends to be more stronger in terms of empathy while the male brains are more towards the understanding and building of systems (Baron-Cohen, 2005). To further understand this, we must know the meaning of empathizing and systemizing. Empathizing helps a person able to source out someone elses emotions and thoughts while being able to interpret it to give the right emotional response. These people usually try to find out how a person feels rather than what they are doing thus making them more sensitive and able to care for them well. As for systemizing, it is the motivation or drive to explore and analyze the system, to be able to think out of the box and see the unseen, imagining possibilities by just looking at one shape and how it would turn out to be once it has been completed. They are able to figure out the workings of the system, but sometimes using the rules as guidelines. Through this theory, it can be said that, a person, may it be male or female, has a certain type of brain. There are three categories in this brain type. The first would be a stronger empathizing ability than systemizing which is labelled as brain type E. The following one would be a stronger ability in systemizing, which is labelled as brain type S. It can also be known as the male brain because the majority gender that has this type of brains would be the male compared to the female. The last one would be the strong ability in both empathizing and systemizing. This is labelled as a balanced brain which falls under category brain type B. Through this research, it can be seen there is a significance difference between the male and female brain in certain areas. In terms of verbal abilities, women score higher in this section of the research while men score higher in visuospatial abilities and quantitative abilities. Although this research is ongoing and never ending as new theories and findings will come out, there is no harm in applying what has been found into the world today. For example would be at work. Certain work can be divided among different gender workers depending on their strongest ability. Some may be given the task to increase their knowledge and ability in that field. By doing so, there is a possibility of increasing productivity, teamwork, communication and development of the company and employees. There has to be a certain level of equality to avoid stereotyping from happening in the workplace. In schools it is better not to split genders and have only gender based education as it may bring harm to b oth male and female in terms of mental and psychological factors. This may make boys and girls stereotyping one another once they leave school. As this topic falls in the area of cognitive psychology and neuropsychology, it can help us learn more about each gender. This could benefit everyone in the long run and also avoid any thoughts of stereotyping or sexism among both genders in the working and studying environment. As a conclusion, through this research, it can be seen that there are sex differences in the brain between both genders but only in certain areas. The strengths of one gender might differ from the other. The study of sex differences in the brain may continue and the debate will go on. As this progresses, new theories and finding will come to light. The influence of external sources like the environment in which a person has grown also effects the differences in the brain. Besides that, biological factors would also greatly effect the development of a persons brain. Applying this into our current situation might help in future developments and also it could end the thought of stereotyping another gender. Furthermore, the rapid development of new technologies could help us understand more of these differences in the future and maybe the society would change and be more open to allowing the application of these research into our daily lives.

Friday, January 17, 2020

Movie: On Golden Pond

On Golden Pond Cassandra Mclean Central Carolina Community College I would have to admit that this was my first time ever hearing of this movie until this assignment but once I saw it I absolutely fell in love with all the characters and the different dynamics of family. It begins with Norman and Ethel Thayer moving back to their lake house in Maine for the summer. Norman and Ethel have been married a long time and will be celebrating Norman’s eightieth birthday and welcoming back their daughter Chelsea and she brings along her boyfriend Billy Ray and his teenage son Billy Ray Jr.Chelsea asked her parents can Billy jr stay with them while her and Billy go to Europe. When Billy and Chelsea return form Europe she discovers that her dad and Billy have the relationship that she always wanted and decided to confront him and deal with her emotions. Norman Thayer will be eighty years old his next birthday he is suffering from some health problems and have dementia where he is beginni ng to forget things like a photograph that he took years earlier and the road that he been on for years and now can’t remember how to get there.Norman is in between late adulthood and very old age Erikson’s nine stages of psychosocial development says that in late adulthood stage you take stock of your past and in old age you face new sense of self over failing bodies and need of care. Norman is always talking about getting older and dying he has declining cognitive functioning and that makes him irritable and confused.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

Woodrow Wilsons 14 Points Speech

On Jan. 8, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson stood in front of a joint session of Congress and gave a speech known as The Fourteen Points. At the time, the world was embroiled in the First World War and Wilson was hoping to find a way to not only end the war peacefully but to ensure it never would  happen again. A Policy of Self-Determination Today and then, Woodrow Wilson is viewed as both a highly intelligent president and a hopeless idealist. The Fourteen Points speech was in part based on Wilsons own diplomatic leanings, but also written with the research assistance of his secret panel of experts known as The Inquiry. These men included the likes of crusading journalist Walter Lippman and several distinguished historians, geographers, and political scientists. The Inquiry was led by presidential advisor Edward House and assembled in 1917 to help Wilson prepare to start negotiations to end World War I. Much of the intent of Wilsons Fourteen Points speech was to oversee the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian empire, set out the overarching rules of behavior, and ensure that the United States would only play a minor role in the reconstruction. Wilson considered self-determination a crucial part of the successful establishment of the disparate states in the aftermath of the war. At the same time, Wilson himself recognized the inherent danger in creating states whose populations were ethnically divided. Returning Alsace-Lorraine to France, and restoring Belgium were relatively straightforward. But what to do about Serbia, with a major percentage of the non-Serbian population? How could Poland have access to the sea without including territories owned by ethnic Germans? How can Czechoslovakia include three million ethnic Germans in Bohemia? The decisions that were made by Wilson and The Inquiry did not resolve those conflicts, although it is likely that Wilsons 14th point creating a League of Nations, was proffered in an attempt to build infrastructure to resolve those conflicts going forward. But the same dilemma exists unresolved today: How to safely balance self-determination and ethnic disparity? Summary of the Fourteen Points Since many of the countries involved in WWI had been drawn into it to honor long-standing, private alliances, Wilson asked that there be no more secret alliances (Point 1). And since the United States had specifically entered the war because of Germanys announcement of unlimited submarine warfare, Wilson advocated for the open use of the seas (Point 2). Wilson also proposed open trade between countries (Point 3) and the reduction of armaments (Point 4). Point 5 addressed the needs of colonial peoples and Points 6 through 13 discussed specific land claims per country. Point 14 was the most important on Woodrow Wilsons list; it advocated for an international organization to be established that would be responsible for helping to keep peace among the nations. This organization was later established and called the League of Nations. Reception Wilsons speech was well received in the United States, with some notable exceptions, including former president Theodore Roosevelt, who described it as both high-sounding and meaningless. The Fourteen Points were accepted by the Allied Powers, as well as by Germany and Austria as the basis for peace negotiations. The only covenant of the League of Nations that was totally rejected by the allies was a provision pledging the members of the league to ensure religious freedom. However, Wilson became physically ill at the start of the Paris Peace Conference, and French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau was able to advance his own countrys demands beyond what was laid out in the 14 Points speech. The differences between the Fourteen Points and the resulting Treaty of Versailles raised great anger in Germany, leading to the rise of National Socialism, and ultimately the Second World War. The Full Text of Woodrow Wilsons 14 Points Speech Gentlemen of the Congress: Once more, as repeatedly before, the spokesmen of the Central Empires have indicated their desire to discuss the objects of the war and the possible basis of a general peace. Parleys have been in progress at Brest-Litovsk between Russsian representatives and representatives of the Central Powers to which the attention of all the belligerents have been invited for the purpose of ascertaining whether it may be possible to extend these parleys into a general conference with regard to terms of peace and settlement. The Russian representatives presented not only a perfectly definite statement of the principles upon which they would be willing to conclude peace but also an equally definite program of the concrete application of those principles. The representatives of the Central Powers, on their part, presented an outline of settlement which, if much less definite, seemed susceptible of liberal interpretation until their specific program of practical terms was added. That program proposed no concessions at all either to the sovereignty of Russia or to the preferences of the populations with whose fortunes it dealt, but meant, in a word, that the Central Empires were to keep every foot of territory their armed forces had occupied—every province, every city, every point of vantage—as a permanent addition to their territories and their power. Russian-Led Negotiations It is a reasonable conjecture that the general principles of settlement which they at first suggested originated with the more liberal statesmen of Germany and Austria, the men who have begun to feel the force of their own peoples thought and purpose, while the concrete terms of actual settlement came from the military leaders who have no thought but to keep what they have got. The negotiations have been broken off. The Russian representatives were sincere and in earnest. They cannot entertain such proposals of conquest and domination. The whole incident is full of significances. It is also full of perplexity. With whom are the Russian representatives dealing? For whom are the representatives of the Central Empires speaking? Are they speaking for the majorities of their respective parliaments or for the minority parties, that military and imperialistic minority which has so far dominated their whole policy and controlled the affairs of Turkey and of the Balkan states which have felt obliged to become their associates in this war? The Russian representatives have insisted, very justly, very wisely, and in the true spirit of modern democracy, that the conferences they have been holding with the Teutonic and Turkish statesmen should be held within open, not closed, doors, and all the world has been the audience, as was desired. To whom have we been listening, then? To those who speak the spirit and intention of the resolutions of the German Reichstag of the 9th of July last, the spirit and intention of the Liberal leaders and parties of Germany, or to those who resist and defy that spirit and intention and insist upon conquest and subjugation? Or are we listening, in fact, to both, unreconciled and in open and hopeless contradiction? These are very serious and pregnant questions. Upon the answer to them depends the peace of the world. The Challenge of Brest-Litovsk But, whatever the results of the parleys at Brest-Litovsk, whatever the confusions of counsel and of purpose in the utterances of the spokesmen of the Central Empires, they have again attempted to acquaint the world with their objects in the war and have again challenged their adversaries to say what their objects are and what sort of settlement they would deem just and satisfactory. There is no good reason why that challenge should not be responded to and responded to with the utmost candor. We did not wait for it. Not once, but again and again, we have laid our whole thought and purpose before the world, not in general terms only, but each time with sufficient definition to make it clear what sort of definite terms of settlement must necessarily spring out of them. Within the last week, Mr. Lloyd George has spoken with admirable candor and in admirable spirit for the people and Government of Great Britain. There is no confusion of counsel among the adversaries of the Central Powers, no uncertainty of principle, no vagueness of detail. The only secrecy of counsel, the only lack of fearless frankness, the only failure to make a definite statement of the objects of the war, lies with Germany and her allies. The issues of life and death hang upon these definitions. No statesman who has the least conception of his responsibility ought for a moment to permit himself to continue this tragical and appalling outpouring of blood and treasure unless he is sure beyond a peradventure that the objects of the vital sacrifice are part and parcel of the very life of Society and that the people for whom he speaks think them right and imperative as he does. Defining Principles of Self-Determination There is, moreover, a voice calling for these definitions of principle and of purpose which is, it seems to me, more thrilling and more compelling than any of the many moving voices with which the troubled air of the world is filled. It is the voice of the Russian people. They are prostrate and all but hopeless, it would seem, before the grim power of Germany, which has hitherto known no relenting and no pity. Their power, apparently, is shattered. And yet their soul is not subservient. They will not yield either in principle or in action. Their conception of what is right, of what is humane and honorable for them to accept, has been stated with a frankness, a largeness of view, a generosity of spirit, and a universal human sympathy which must challenge the admiration of every friend of mankind; and they have refused to compound their ideals or desert others that they themselves may be safe. They call to us to say what it is that we desire, in what, if in anything, our purpose and our spirit differ from theirs; and I believe that the people of the United States would wish me to respond, with utter simplicity and frankness. Whether their present leaders, believe it or not, it is our heartfelt desire and hopes that some way may be opened whereby we may be privileged to assist the people of Russia to attain their utmost hope of liberty and ordered peace. The Processes of Peace It will be our wish and purpose that the processes of peace, when they are begun, shall be absolutely open and that they shall involve and permit henceforth no secret understandings of any kind. The day of conquest and aggrandizement is gone by; so is also the day of secret covenants entered into in the interest of particular governments and likely at some unlooked-for moment to upset the peace of the world. It is this happy fact, now clear to the view of every public man whose thoughts do not still linger in an age that is dead and gone, which makes it possible for every nation whose purposes are consistent with justice and the peace of the world to avow nor or at any other time the objects it has in view. We entered this war because violations of right had occurred which touched us to the quick and made the life of our own people impossible unless they were corrected and the world secure once for all against their recurrence. What we demand in this war, therefore, is nothing peculiar to ourselves. It is that the world be made fit and safe to live in; and particularly that it be made safe for every peace-loving nation which, like our own, wishes to live its own life, determine its own institutions, be assured of justice and fair dealing by the other peoples of the world as against force and selfish aggression. All the peoples of the world are in effect partners in this interest, and for our own part, we see very clearly that unless justice be done to others it will not be done to us. The program of the worlds peace, therefore, is our program; and that program, the only possible program, as we see it, is this: The Fourteen Points I. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. II. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants. III. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance. IV. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety. V. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. VI. The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. VII. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act, the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. VIII. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. IX. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality. X. The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity to autonomous development. XI. Rumania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into. XII. The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees. XIII. An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant. XIV. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike. Righting Wrongs In regard to these essential rectifications of wrong and assertions of right, we feel ourselves to be intimate partners of all the governments and peoples associated together against the Imperialists. We cannot be separated in interest or divided in purpose. We stand together until the end. For such arrangements and covenants, we are willing to fight and to continue to fight until they are achieved; but only because we wish the right to prevail and desire a just and stable peace such as can be secured only by removing the chief provocations to war, which this program does remove. We have no jealousy of German greatness, and there is nothing in this program that impairs it. We grudge her no achievement or distinction of learning or of pacific enterprise such as have made her record very bright and very enviable. We do not wish to injure her or to block in any way her legitimate influence or power. We do not wish to fight her either with arms or with hostile arrangements of trade if sh e is willing to associate herself with us and the other peace-loving nations of the world in covenants of justice and law and fair dealing. We wish her only to accept a place of equality among the peoples of the world,—the new world in which we now live,—instead of a place of mastery. Neither do we presume to suggest to her any alteration or modification of her institutions. But it is necessary, we must frankly say, and necessary as a preliminary to any intelligent dealings with her on our part, that we should know whom her spokesmen speak for when they speak to us, whether for the Reichstag majority or for the military party and the men whose creed is imperial domination. Justice to All People and Nationalities We have spoken now, surely, in terms too concrete to admit of any further doubt or question. An evident principle runs through the whole program I have outlined. It is the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities, and their right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another, whether they be strong or weak. Unless this principle be made its foundation no part of the structure of international justice can stand. The people of the United States could act upon no other principle; and to the vindication of this principle, they are ready to devote their lives, their honor, and everything they possess. The moral climax of this the culminating and final war for human liberty has come, and they are ready to put their own strength, their own highest purpose, their own integrity and devotion to the test. Sources: Chace, James. The Wilsonian Moment? The Wilson Quarterly (1976-) 25.4 (2001): 34-41. Print. Jacobson, Harold K. Structuring the Global System: American Contributions to International Organization. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 428 (1976): 77-90. Print. Lynch, Allen. Woodrow Wilson and the Principle of National Self-Determination: A Reconsideration. Review of International Studies 28.2 (2002): 419-36. Print. Tucker, Robert W. Woodrow Wilsons New Diplomacy. World Policy Journal 21.2 (2004): 92-107. Print.